Pine nuts are higher in healthy fats and protein, while chestnuts provide more fiber and sustained energy. Chestnuts are also the only nut that contains vitamin C.  

In a recent Verywell Health article, Dr. Daniela Novotny explained that chestnuts are lower in fat than most nuts and nutritionally closer to whole grains. She noted that portion size matters, since pine nuts are often eaten in small amounts. 

Novotny is also a senior instructor of nutrition and dietetics in the School of Health Sciences at Missouri State University.